تبیین اصول تربیتی ناظر بر اصلاح آسیب شناسی رفتاری انسان براساس قرآن کریم

برهمن, مریم; حسینی, مهدیه

تبیین اصول تربیتی ناظر بر اصلاح آسیب شناسی رفتاری انسان براساس قرآن کریم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری فلسفۀ تعلیم و تربیت، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه الزهرا«س»، تهران، ایران.

² دانشیار، گروه فلسفۀ تعلیم و تربیت، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف استخراج و تبیین اصول تربیتیِ ناظر بر اصلاح آسیب شناسی رفتاری انسان، با اتکاء به آموزه‌های قرآن کریم صورت پذیرفته است. از منظر قرآن، انسان به رغم برخورداری از قابلیت‌های متعالی، با محدودیت‌ها و ضعف‌هایی در ابعاد شناختی، عاطفی و کنشی مواجه است که به عنوان مانعی در مسیر شکوفایی تربیتی او عمل می‌کنند. شناسایی این موانع و ارائه اصول تربیتیِ متناظر برای اصلاح و هدایت ظرفیت‌های انسانی، ضرورتی اجتناب‌ناپذیر است. این پژوهش در زمره پژوهش های کیفی و از نظر روش، تحلیل مضمون است. داده‌های مورد نیاز با مطالعه تفسیری آیات مرتبط با ساحت‌های رفتاری انسان گردآوری و با استفاده از تفاسیر معتبر، کدگذاری و سازمان‌دهی گردید. براساس یافته‌های تحقیق، اصول تربیتی برگرفته از قرآن در مواجهه با آسیب‌های رفتاری، در دو سطح فردی و اجتماعی دسته‌بندی شد. اصول فردی شامل: تذکار و یادآوری نعمت‌ها، خودنظارتی و خویشتن‌بانی، ظرفیت‌سازی درونی، زهد و بی‌اعتنایی به زوائد، پذیرش مسئولیت فعالانه و طلب فضل الهی است. اصول اجتماعی نیز دربرگیرنده روشنگری و انتقال فعال ارزش‌ها، حفظ عزت نفس و کرامت انسانی، مواجهه شایسته و تعقّل منطقی است. همچنین در این پژوهش، اصول قرآنی استخراج شده با نظریات تربیتی در روانشناسی بصورت تطبیقی بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که دستیابی به یک نظام تربیتی کارآمد و همراستا با فطرت انسانی، مستلزم شناخت جامع انسان با همه قوت‌ها و ضعف‌هایش «آنچنان که هست» و سپس استنباط اصولی از منبع وحیانی است که بتواند زمینه تصحیح رفتار و حرکت تکاملی او را «آنچنان که باید» فراهم آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

پژوهش در مسائل تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation of Educational Principles for Correcting Behavioral Pathology of Natural Humans in the Holy Quran

نویسندگان [English]

maryam brahman ¹
Mahdieh Hoseini ²

¹ PhD student in Philosophy of Education, Department of Educational Management and Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy of Education, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The present study aims to educate and explain the principles for correcting human behavioral pathology, relying on the teachings of the Holy Quran. From the perspective of the Quran, humans easily have superior capabilities in their cognitive, emotional, and action recognition with limitations and weaknesses that act as obstacles in the path of their educational flourishing. Accordingly, teaching to identify and present corresponding principles is essential to strengthen and guide human behaviors. This research is a qualitative research and in terms of method, it is a content analysis. The required data was collected by an interpretive study of verses related to human behavioral areas and was coded and organized using valid interpretations. The process of analyzing the principles is divided into basic, organizing, and ultimately, networks of comprehensive themes in an educational format. The findings indicate that the educational principles derived from the Quran in dealing with behavioral disorders can be categorized into two levels: individual and social. Individual principles include: remembrance and remembrance of blessings, self-monitoring and self-control, internal capacity building, asceticism and disregard for excesses, active acceptance of responsibility, and seeking divine grace. Social principles also include enlightenment and active transmission of values, preservation of self-esteem and human dignity, appropriate confrontation, and rational interpretation. The results of this study show that achieving an efficient educational system that is in line with human nature requires a comprehensive understanding of man with all his strengths and weaknesses "as he is" and then deriving principles from the source of revelation that provide the grounds for correcting his behavior and actions "as they should be.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Islamic educational principles
behavioral pathology
Quranic anthropology
content analysis
Holy Quran

مراجع

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