تبیین و نقد مولفه های سبک های تربیتی رایج بر اساس دیدگاه ائمه اطهار(ع)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، تبیین و نقد مولفه‌های سبک تربیتی رایج بر اساس دیدگاه ائمۀ اطهار(ع) می‌باشد. روش این پژوهش از حیث هدف، کاربردی و از لحاظ رویکرد، کیفی از نوع تحلیل محتوای کیفی است. روش گردآوری داده-ها، کتابخانه ای و ابزار آن فیش برداری و با بهره‌گیری از آثار و تألیفات اسلامی می‌باشد. روش نمونه گیری به صورت هدفمند بود و در روش تحلیل داده ها پس از مطالعه روایات، مقوله های اصلی مرتبط با سبک تربیتی دسته بندی شد و بر اساس کدگذاری اولیه، کدهای مشابه زیر هر مقوله، ایجاد و در مراحل بعد، این مقوله ها با هم مقایسه و براساس مقوله های کلیِ یک مقوله اصلی تکمیل شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در سبک فرزندپروری مقتدرانه بر بازخواست و تنبیه فرزندان در موقعیتهای تشخیصی از سوی والدین، توقع رفتار معقول و سنجیده بدون در نظرگرفتن توانایی فرزند تأکید شده است. سطح توانایی و ادراکی فرد، عامل مهمی برای تعیین سبک رفتاری است. سبک فرزندپروری مقتدرانه که نزدیک ترین سبک فرزندپروری به سبک تربیتی اسلام معرفی شده، برای همۀ موقعیت ها( بخصوص فرزندان سخت) قابل اجرا نیست. هر یک از سبکهای های فرزندپروری رایج، مولفه ها را به شکل ثابتی به کار می برند اما در سبک فرزندپروری بر اساس دیدگاه ائمۀ اطهار(ع)، با توجه به سن و وضعیت کودک، یک سبک گردشی و دوّار مشاهده می شود لذا، با توجه به این سبک چرخنده، ائمۀ اطهار(ع) هرکدام از این سبک ها را مناسب دوره سنی خاصی می دانند. بنابراین شش مولفه سبک تربیتی در دیدگاه ائمه اطهار(ع) اعم از مهرورزی، آزادی، کنترل، توانایی و وسع، تشویق و تنبیه کاملا با سبک های تربیتی رایج متفاوت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation and criticism of the components of common educational styles based on the view of Imams Athar (AS)

نویسندگان [English]

  • masumeh khonakdar tarsi 1
  • ahmad salahshoori 2
1 Assistant Professor, Philosophy of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy of Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to explain and criticize the components of common educational style based on the point of view of Athar Imams (AS). The method of this research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach of qualitative content analysis. The method of data collection is a library and its tool is to take files and use Islamic works and compositions.The sampling method was purposeful and in the data analysis method, after studying the narratives, the main categories related to the educational style were categorized and based on the initial coding, similar codes were created under each category, and in the later stages, these categories were It was compared and completed based on the general categories of a main category. The results of the research showed that in the authoritarian parenting style autocratic and neglectful parenting style also causes a further decrease in the proper functioning of children in individual and social dimensions. if the level of ability and perception of the person is an important factor in determining the behavioral style. Authoritative parenting style, which is the closest parenting style to Islamic parenting style, is not applicable for all situations (especially difficult children). Each of the common parenting styles use the components in a fixed way, but in the parenting style based on the view of the Imams of Athar (a.s.), according to the age and condition of the child, a circular style is observed. Therefore, with Paying attention to this rotating style, the Imams of Athar (pbuh) consider each of these styles suitable for a certain age period. Therefore, the six components of the educational style in the view of the Imams of Athar (a.s.), including kindness, freedom, control, ability, encouragement, and punishment, are completely different from the common educational styles.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • criticism
  • components
  • educational style
  • Imams of Athar (AS)

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دوره 34، شماره 70 - شماره پیاپی 70
بهار 1405
اردیبهشت 1405
صفحه 67-99
  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اردیبهشت 1405